Revised 4th edition covers major mathematical ideas and techniques from ancient Near East to 20th-century computer theory. Work of Archimedes, Pascal, Gauss, Hilbert, etc.
Here's a sample of other books in this Dover category
Greek Mathematical Thought and the Origin of Algebra by Jacob Klein Important study focuses on the revival and assimilation of ancient Greek mathematics in the 13th-16th centuries, via Arabic science, and the 16th-century development of symbolic algebra. 1968 edition. Bibliography.
A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities by Marquis de Laplace Without the use of higher mathematics, this classic demonstrates the application of probability to games of chance, physics, reliability of witnesses, astronomy, insurance, democratic government, and many other areas.
A Mathematical History of the Golden Number by Roger Herz-Fischler This comprehensive study traces the historic development of division in extreme and mean ratio ("the golden number") from its first appearance in Euclid's Elements through the 18th century. Features numerous illustrations.
Mathematics and Logic by Mark Kac, Stanislaw M. Ulam Fascinating study of the origin and nature of mathematical thought, including relation of mathematics and science, 20th-century developments, impact of computers, more. Includes 34 illustrations. 1968 edition.