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Cold War Context and Aftermath

Product Description

Historical background and context for understanding the recent past and today's news.

This CD contains the full text of 28 "Country Studies" published by the Federal Research Division of the Libary of Congress between 1987 and 1996. Each country study is presented as a single document, in plain text form -- easy to read, to print, and to search.

The Soviet Union and the Countries it Spawned (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan)
Communist Europe (Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Yugoslavia)
Communist Asia (China, Mongolia, North Korea, and Vietnam)

In addition, we include:

Books and articles about the Cold War published by the Center for the Study of Intelligence, of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
The CIA World Factbook, an interlinked set of hundreds of HTML documents, with detailed up-to-date reference information on every country in the world, with images of maps and flags; and an enormous collection of classic books related to Communist countries and the historical, political, and cultural context of the Cold War phenomenon:

Intended for use with PCs (Windows or Linux) and recent Macs (OS X), our books (except for the World Factbook) are in plain-text format, not audio or video. You read them on your computer screen.

Questions? If Richard Seltzer, who created this CD, is online now, you can chat with him immediately by clicking on his photo (below). If he is offline, you can send him an email by clicking on his photo.

You can see the complete table of contents below and suggestions on how to get the most out of your plain-text books on CD ROM at our home Web site. Use the back button on your browser to return here.

US Government Publications

The Communist Threat in the Taiwan Area by Dulles, 1958
In Time of Emergency, a Citizen's Handbook on Nuclear Attack and Natural Disasters
Publications of the Center for the Study of Intelligence, of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)

Watching the Bear: Essays on CIA's Analysis of the Soviet Union edited by Gerald K. Haines and Robert E. Leggett (2003)
Predicting the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan: The Intelligence Community's Record by Douglas MacEachin (2002)
At Cold War's End: US Intelligence on the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, 1989-1991 by History Staff

A Cold War Conundrum By Benjamin B. Fischer (1997)
Okhrana: The Paris Operations of the Russian Imperial Police, an article by Ben B. Fischer (1997)

Country Studies

Countries of the Former Soviet Union

Armenia (1994)

appendix (html document)

Azerbaijan (1994)

appendix (html document)

Belarus (1995)

appendix (html document)

Estonia (1995)

chronology (html document)
appendix (html document)

Georgia (1994)

appendix (html document)

Kazakstan (1996)

appendix (html document)

Kyrgyzstan (1996)

appendix (html document)

Latvia (1995)

chronology (html document)
appendix (html document)

Lithuania (1995)

chronology (html document)
appendix (html document)

Modova (1995)

appendix (html document)

Russia (1996)

chronology (html document)
appendix (html document)

Soviet Union (1989)
Tajikistan (1996)

appendix (html document)

Turkmenistan (1996)

appendix (html document)

Uzbekistan (1996)

appendix (html document)

Communist Countries of Europe

Albania

appendix (html document)

Bulgaria

appendix (html document)

Czechoslovakia
East Germany
Germany
Hungary

appendix (html document)

Poland

appendix (html document)

Romania

appendix (html (document)

Yugoslavia

Communist Countries of Asia

China
Mongolia

appendix (html document)

North Korea

appendix (html document)

Vietnam

appendix (html document)

CIA World Factbook (with maps, flags, and up-to-date information on every country in the world). This is an interlinked set of hundreds of HTML documents. You should open it with your Web browser.

Country list
Other files

CIA Factbook on Intelligence
History

Balkan History

The Balkan Wars (1912-1913) by Jacob Schurman

Chinese History

Among the Tibetans by Isabella Bird
Ancient China Simplified by Edward Harper Parker
A Bit of Old China by Charles Warren Stoddard (short)
The Book of Tea by Kakuzo Okakura
China by Demetrius Boulger
China and the Manchus by Herbert Giles
The Chinese Boy and Girl by Isaac Taylor Headland
Chinese Sketches by Herbert Giles
The Civilization of China by Herbert Giles
Court Life in China by Isaac Taylor Headland
Diary of a Pedestrian in Cashmere and Tibet by Captain Knight
The Fight for the Republic in China by L. Putnam Weale
New Forces in Old China by Arthur Judson Brown
Overland through Asia: Pictures of Siberian, Chinese, and Tartar Life by Thomas Knox, 1871
A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms, Being an Account by the Chinese Monk Fa-Hien of his Travels in India and Ceylon (A.D. 399-414) in Search of the Buddhist Books of Discipline
Religions of Ancient China by Herbert Giles
Seven Maids of Far Cathay. Being English Notes from a Chinese Class Book
Tea Leaves by Francis Leggett and Company

German History

The German and the Agricola by Tacitus
Germany from the Earliest Period, volume 4, by Wolfgang Menzel, translated by Mrs. George Horrocks
History of Friedrich II of Prussia by Thomas Carlyle

Volume 1
Volume 2
Volume 3
Volume 4
Volume 5
Volume 6
Volume 7
Volume 8
Volume 9
Volume 10
Volume 11
Volume 12
Volume 13
Volume 14
Volume 15
Volume 16
Volume 17
Volume 18
Volume 19
Volume 20
Volume 21
Appendix

History of the Thirty Years' War, Volume 1 by Friedrich Schiller
Life and Adventures of Baron Trenck by Baron Trenck (circa Friedrich II)

Volume 1
Volume 2

The Secrets of the German War Office by Armgaard Graves

Hungarian History

Select Speeches of Kossuth edited by Francis Newman

Russian History

The Crisis in Russia by Arthur Ransome
The Discovery of Muscovy by Richard Hakluyt
From October to Brest-Litovsk by Leon Trotsky
Overland through Asia: Pictures of Siberian, Chinese, and Tartar Life by Thomas Knox, 1871
Russia by Donald MacKenzie Wallace
Russia in 1919 by Arthur Ransome
The Russian Revolution by Alexander Petrunkevitch, Sumuel Northrup, and Harper Golden
Ten Days that Shook the World by John Reed
Tent Life in Siberia by George Kennan

Romanian History

Asthma in Timisoara -- diary of a glimpse at the Romanian medical system, article by Richard Seltzer (html)
Romantic Romania? Be sure to bring your own meat, medicine, and toilet paper, article by Richard Seltzer (html)

Documents of US History related to the Cold War

World War II

Atlantic Charter 1941
Cairo Conference 1943
Casablanca Conference 1943
Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Fireside Chats
Four Freedoms Speech, January 1941
German Surrender Documents 1945

Japanese Surrender Documents 1945
Moscow Conference 1943
Yalta Conference 1945

After World War II

U2 Incident 1960

Viet Nam War

Statement of Viet Nam Veterans Against the War 1971
Tonkin Gulf Incident 1964
Two Letters to Ngo Dinh Diem 1954 1961
White Paper on Viet Nam 1965

NATO Documents

Basic Texts

The Antecedents of the Alliance

Declaration of Principles issued by the President of the United States and the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom ("The Atlantic Charter'') 14 August 1941
Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations, San Francisco, 24 October 1945
Treaty of Economic, Social and Cultural Collaboration and Collective Self-Defence ("The Brussels Treaty'' and "Amended Brussels Treaty'') Brussels, 17 March 1948
The Vandenberg Resolution. United States Senate Resolution 239 - 80th Congress, 2nd session, Washington, D.C., 11 June 1948
The Brussels Treaty was modified by a Protocol signed in Paris on 23 October 1954 as part of "The Paris Agreements''. The texts of both the original Treaty and of the Treaty as amended by the Protocol are reproduced here for ease of reference.

Juridical texts and formal agreements (1949-1997)

Washington Treaty and Associated Declarations, Resolutions and Protocols

The North Atlantic Treaty ("Treaty of Washington''), Washington, D.C., 4 April 1949
Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the Accession of Greece and Turkey, London, 22 October 1951
Documents signed by the Parties to the North Atlantic Treaty under the Terms of the Paris Agreements, Paris, 22-23 October 1954
Resolution adopted by the North Atlantic Council to implement Section IV of the Final Act of the London Conference, Paris, 22 October 1954
Resolution adopted by the North Atlantic Council on the Results of the Four-Power and Nine-Power Meetings, Paris, 22 October 1954
Resolution of Association by Other Parties to the North Atlantic Treaty adopted by the North Atlantic Council, Paris, 22 October 1954
Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the Accession of the Federal Republic of Germany, Paris, 23 October 1954
Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the Accession of Spain, Brussels, 10 December 1981
Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the Accession of the Czech Republic, Brussels, 16 December 1997
Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the Accession of the Republic of Hungary, Brussels, 16 December 1997
Protocol to the North Atlantic Treaty on the Accession of the Republic of Poland, Brussels, 16 December 1997

Status of the Organisation and Representation of Third States

Agreement on the Status of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, National Representatives and International Staff, Ottawa, 20 September 1951
Agreement on the Status of Missions and Representatives of Third States to the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation, Brussels, 14 September 1994

Agreements on Status of Forces and Military Headquarters

Agreement between the Parties to the North Atlantic Treaty regarding the Status of their Forces, London, 19 June 1951
Protocol on the Status of International Military Headquarters set up pursuant to the North Atlantic Treaty, Paris, 28 August 1952
Agreement among the States Parties to the North Atlantic Treaty and the other States participating in the Partnership for Peace regarding the Status of their Forces, Brussels, 19 June 1995
Additional Protocol to the Agreement among the States Parties to the North Atlantic Treaty and the other States participating in the Partnership for Peace regarding the Status of their Forces, Brussels, 19 June 1995
Further Additional Protocol to the Agreement among the States Parties to the North Atlantic Treaty and the other States participating in the Partnership for Peace regarding the Status of their Forces, Brussels, 19 December 1997

Partnership for Peace (PFP) and Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) Founding Documents

Partnership for Peace: Invitation Document, Brussels, 10 January 1994
Partnership for Peace: Framework Document, Brussels, 10 January 1994
Basic Document of the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, Sintra, Portugal, 30 May 1997

NATO Relations with Third States

Founding Act on Mutual Relations, Cooperation and Security between NATO and the Russian Federation, Paris, 27 May 1997
Charter on a Distinctive Partnership between the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation and Ukraine, Madrid, 9 July 1997

Key policy documents

Final Communiqué of the First Session of the North Atlantic Council (Terms of Reference and Organisation), Washington D.C., 17 September 1949
Final Communiqué of the Ninth Session of the North Atlantic Council ("The Lisbon Decisions" on the reorganisation of the Alliance and the appointment of a Secretary General), Lisbon, 25 February 1952
Final Communiqué of the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council attended by Foreign and Defence Ministers (including decisions relating to the association and future membership of the Federal Republic of Germany), Paris, 22 October 1954
Text of the Report of the Committee of Three on Non-Military Cooperation in NATO (Approved by the North Atlantic Council in Brussels on 13 December 1956), Brussels, 13 December 1956
The Future Tasks of the Alliance ("The Harmel Report"), Brussels, 13-14 December 1967
Declaration on Atlantic Relations issued by the North Atlantic Council ("The Ottawa Declaration"), Ottawa, 19 June 1974
Special Meeting of Foreign and Defence Ministers (The "Double-Track" Decision on Theatre Nuclear Forces), Brussels, 12 December 1979
The Montebello Decision on Reductions of Nuclear Forces, announced by the Nuclear Planning Group in Ministerial Session, Montebello, Canada, 27 October 1983
Declaration of Brussels issued by the North Atlantic Council in Ministerial Session, Brussels, 9 December 1983
Washington Statement on East-West Relations issued by the North Atlantic Council in Ministerial Session, Washington, D.C., 31 May 1984
Statement on the Ministerial Meeting of the North Atlantic Council, Halifax, Canada, 29-30 May 1986
Brussels Declaration on Conventional Arms Control issued by the North Atlantic Council Brussels, 11 December 1986
Statement on the Ministerial Meeting of the North Atlantic Council, Reykjavik, 11-12 June 1987
Conventional Arms Control: the Way Ahead - Statement issued under the Authority of the Heads of State and Government participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council, Brussels, 2-3 March 1988
Declaration of the NATO Heads of State and Government participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council Brussels, 2-3 March 1988
Statement issued by the North Atlantic Council on Conventional Arms Control Brussels, 9 December 1988
Declaration of the NATO Heads of State and Government participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council (The 40th Anniversary of the Alliance), Brussels, 29-30 May 1989
The Alliance's Comprehensive Concept of Arms Control and Disarmament adopted by the Heads of State and Government at the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council, Brussels, 29-30 May 1989
Declaration on a Transformed North Atlantic Alliance issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council ("The London Declaration"), London, 6 July 1990
Partnership with the Countries of Central and Eastern Europe (Statement issued by the North Atlantic Council Meeting in Ministerial Session), Copenhagen, 7 June 1991
The Alliance's Strategic Concept agreed by the Heads of State and Government participating the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council, Rome, 7-8 November 1991
Declaration on Peace and Cooperation issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council (including decisions leading to the creation of the North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)) ("The Rome Declaration"), Rome, 8 November 1991
Final Communiqué of the Ministerial Meeting of the North Atlantic Council (including the Oslo Decision on NATO support for peacekeeping activities under the responsibility of the OSCE), Oslo, 4 June 1992
Final Communiqué of the Ministerial Meeting of the North Atlantic Council (including decisions on NATO support for peacekeeping operations under the responsibility of the UN Security Council), Brussels, 17 December 1992
Declaration of the Heads of State and Government participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council ("The Brussels Summit Declaration"), Brussels, 11 January 1994
Study on NATO Enlargement issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council, Brussels, 3 September 1995\

Chapter 1 Purposes and Principles of Enlargement
Chapter 2 How to ensure that enlargement contributes to the stability and security of the entire Euro-Atlantic area, as part of a broad European security architecture, and supports the objective of an undivided Europe
Chapter 3 How NACC and PfP can contribute concretely to the enlargement process
Chapter 4 How to ensure that enlargement strengthens the effectiveness of the Alliance, preserves its ability to perform its core functions of common defence as well as to undertake peacekeeping and other new missions, and upholds the principles and objectives of the Washington Treaty.
Chapter 5 What are the implications of membership for new members, including their rights and obligations, and what do they need to do to prepare for membership ?
Chapter 6 Modalities according to which the enlargement process should proceed

Final Communiqué of the Ministerial Meeting of the North Atlantic Council (including the Berlin Decision on building a European Security and Defence Identity within the Alliance), Berlin, 3 June 1996
Final Communiqué of the Ministerial Meeting of the North Atlantic Council (including decisions on the establishment of the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) and enhancement of the Partnership for Peace), Sintra, Portugal, 29 May 1997
Declaration on Euro-Atlantic Security and Cooperation issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council ("The Madrid Declaration"), Madrid, 8 July 1997
The Washington Declaration signed and issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council, Washington D.C., 23-24 April 1999
The Alliance's Strategic Concept approved by the Heads of State and Government participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council, Washington D.C., 23-24 April 1999
Defence Capabilities Initiative launched by the Heads of State and Government participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council, Washington D.C., 23-24 April 1999
Membership Action Plan approved by the Heads of State and Government participating in the Meeting of the North Atlantic Council, Washington D.C., 23-24 April 1999

NATO Handbook

Editorial note
Foreword by the Secretary General
How to use this Handbook
Preface
Chapter 1: What is NATO ?

The Origins of the Alliance
Fundamental Security Tasks

Chapter 2: The Transformation of the Alliance

Europe's New Security Environment
The Origins of the Changed Security Environment
Developments at the End of the Eighties
The Hand of Friendship and Cooperation
The Gulf Crisis
New Institutions

The North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC)
The Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)

The Strategic Concept of the Alliance
The Role of Allied Military Forces and the Transformation of the Alliance's Defence Posture
NATO's Defence Capabilities Initiative
NATO's Nuclear Forces in the New Security Environment
Nuclear Arms Control
Role of NATO's Remaining Nuclear Forces

Chapter 3: The Opening Up of the Alliance

The Process of NATO Enlargement

The 1995 Study on NATO's Enlargement
The Process of Accession
The Membership Action Plan (MAP)

Partnership for Peace

Aim and Scope
Objectives
Procedures and Structures
Areas of Cooperation
Political-Military Steering Committee on Partnership for Peace (PMSC)
Partnership Coordination Cell (PCC)
Examples of Enhancements of PfP
The Partnership for Peace Planning and Review Process (PARP)
An Enhanced and More Operational Partnership
Cornerstones of the Partnership
Reinforcing Operational Capabilities
Better coordination of efforts for training and education
The Partnership's Potential for Crisis Management
Cooperation in Peacekeeping

Cooperation between NATO and Russia

Overview of NATO-Russia Relations
Evolution of NATO-Russia Relations
The NATO-Russia Founding Act
The NATO-Russia Permanent Joint Council (PJC)
The Kosovo Conflict
Resumption and Broadening of NATO-Russia Cooperation
Future Prospects

NATO's Partnership with Ukraine

The Evolution of NATO's Relationship with Ukraine
The Charter for a Distinctive Partnership
The NATO-Ukraine Commission
Future Prospects

The Alliance's Mediterranean Dialogue

Evolution of the Mediterranean Dialogue

NATO's South East Europe Initiative

Chapter 4: The European Security and Defence Identity (ESDI)

Evolution of the ESDI
NATO-WEU Cooperation
NATO-EU Relations

Chapter 5: The Alliance's Operational Role in Peacekeeping

The Process of Bringing Peace to the Former Yugoslavia

Monitoring and Enforcement Operations
Evolution of the Conflict
The NATO-led Implementation Force (IFOR)

Major IFOR Milestones
Civilian Implementation
From IFOR to SFOR

The NATO-led Stabilisation Force (SFOR)

SFOR's Role and Mandate
SFOR's Command Structure
Participation of non-NATO Nations
Civilian Aspects

The Furtherance of the Peace Process in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Continuation of a NATO-led Multinational Military Presence
Security Cooperation Activities
Reduction of the Entity Armed Forces (EAF)
Weapon Collection (Operation HARVEST)
War Crimes/War Criminals
Upper Airspace Control
UNHCR/Refugees and Displaced Persons

NATO's Role in Relation to the Conflict in Kosovo

Background to the Conflict
NATO's Objectives
The NATO-led Kosovo Force (KFOR)
Support for Neighbouring Countries
Human Rights Violations in the Kosovo Area and KFOR Assistance for Humanitarian Causes
Participation of non-NATO countries

Chapter 6: The Alliance's Role in Arms Control

Developments relating to Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Weapons

The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)
Biological and Chemical Weapons
Missiles and other means of delivery

Developments relating to Conventional Arms Control and Disarmament

The Adaptation of the CFE Treaty
The Vienna Document
Open Skies

Open Skies Treaty

Small Arms and Light Weapons
Anti-Personnel Mines

Alliance Policy on WMD Proliferation

The Alliance's WMD Initiative

Chapter 7: Policy and Decision-Making

The Principal Policy and Decision-Making Institutions of the Alliance

The North Atlantic Council
The Defence Planning Committee
The Nuclear Planning Group

Consensus Politics and Joint Decision-making
Crisis Management
The Defence Dimension
Nuclear Policy
The Economic Sphere
Public Information

Chapter 8: Programmes and Activities

Consumer Logistics

Logistic Support for the Alliance's Strategic Concept
Logistics Principles and Policies
Key Principles
Cooperative Logistics
Multinational Logistics

Key Logistic Functions

Mobility
Host Nation Support
Medical Support
Logistics Interoperability and Standardisation
Consumer Logistics and Partnership for Peace
Logistics Courses for Partners
Exercise Cooperative Support
Technical Support to PfP Countries

Consumer Logistics and Peace Support Operations
Production and Logistics Organisations
Civil Transportation
Armaments Cooperation, Planning and Standardisation

Armaments Cooperation
Armaments Planning
Standardisation

Communications and Information Systems
Civil/Military Coordination of Air Traffic Management
Air Defence
Civil Emergency Planning

Civil Emergency Planning Activities under Partnership for Peace
NATO-Russia Cooperation
NATO-Ukraine Cooperation
Mediterranean Dialogue

Scientific Cooperation

Science Programme Activities
NATO-Russia Cooperation
NATO-Ukraine Cooperation
Cooperation under the Mediterranean Dialogue

Environment and Society

CCMS - Challenges of Modern Society
NATO-Russia Cooperation (A Memorandum of Understanding is in preparation between the Russian Federation and NATO on Environmental Protection.)
NATO-Ukraine Cooperation (Cooperation with Ukraine in CCMS is pursued under the provisions of the NATO-Ukraine Charter and has focused particularly on defence-related environmental problems.)
Cooperation under the Mediterranean Dialogue (The Mediterranean Dialogue countries are encouraged to participate in the projects of the Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society.)

Chapter 9: Common-funded Resources: NATO Budgets and Financial Management

The Principles of Common Funding
Cost Sharing
The Civil Budget
The Military Budget
The NATO Security Investment Programme (NSIP)
Resource Management
Financial Management
Financial Control

Table 1: Percentage Cost Shares of NATO Member Countries - Civil and Military Budgets
Table 2: Percentage Cost Shares of NATO Member Countries - NATO Security Investment Programme
Table 3: Defence Expenditures of NATO Countries (1980-1999)
Table 4: Defence Expenditures of NATO Countries as % of Gross Domestic Product (1980-1999)

Chapter 10: Civilian Organisation and Structures

NATO Headquarters
Permanent Representatives and National Delegations
The Secretary General
The International Staff
The Private Office (The Private Office supports the Secretary General and Deputy Secretary General in all aspects of their work. Its staff includes a Legal Adviser and a Special Adviser for Central and East European Affairs.)
The Office of the Secretary General (The Office of the Secretary General consists of the Private Office and the Executive Secretariat, the Office of Information and Press and the NATO Office of Security.)
The Executive Secretariat
The Office of Information and Press
The NATO Office of Security (The NATO Office of Security coordinates, monitors and implements NATO security policy. The Director of Security is the Secretary General's principal adviser on security issues and is Chairman of the NATO Security Committee. He directs the NATO Headquarters Security Service and is responsible for the overall coordination of security within NATO.
The Division of Political Affairs
The Division of Defence Planning and Operations
The Division of Defence Support
NATO Headquarters, Consultation, Command and Control Staff (NHQC3S)
The Division of Security Investment, Logistics and Civil Emergency Planning
The Division of Scientific and Environmental Affairs
Office of Management
Office of the Financial Controller (The Financial Controller is appointed by the Council and is responsible for the call-up of funds and the control of expenditures within the framework of the Civil and Military Budgets and in accordance with NATO's financial regulations. His Office consists of a Budget and Treasury Service and an Internal Control Service.)

Office of the Chairman of the Budget Committees (The Chairman of the Budget Committees is provided by one of the member countries. His position is nationally funded in order to maintain the independence of the Budget Committees. He has a small staff provided by the International Staff.)
International Board of Auditors (The accounts of the various NATO bodies and those relating to expenditure under NATO's common-funded Infrastructure programme are audited by an International Board of Auditors. The Board is composed of government officials from auditing bodies in member countries. They have independent status and are selected and remunerated by their respective countries. They are appointed by and are responsible to the Council.)
NATO Production and Logistics Organisations (There are a number of NATO Production and Logistics Organisations (NPLOs) established by NATO and responsible to the North Atlantic Council for carrying out specific tasks. While there are differences in their mandates, funding, financial authority and management, they all report to a Board of Directors or Steering Committee responsible for supervising their activities. Further details are given in Chapter 14.)

Chapter 11: Military Organisation and Structures

The Military Committee

The Chairman of the Military Committee

Strategic Commanders
International Military Staff
Partner Country Representation

Chapter 12: The Military Command Structure

The Role of Integrated Military Forces
Evolution of the New Military Structure
Implications of the Development of the European Security and Defence Identity
The Combined Joint Task Force Concept (CJTF)
Internal Adaptation of Alliance Forces
New Command and Control Concepts
The Military Structure

The Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR)
Allied Command Europe (ACE)

Allied Forces North Europe (AFNORTH)
Allied Forces South Europe (AFSOUTH)
Other Staffs and Commands Responsible to SACEUR The staffs or commands responsible to the Supreme Allied Commander Europe and dealing principally with Reaction Forces consist of :

Reaction Forces Air Staff (RF(A)S): Kalkar, Germany (The RF(A)S was created to facilitate detailed planning for Reaction Forces Air. The staff of proximately 80 personnel is located at Kalkar, Germany and is headed by a three-star German Air Force general as Director.
NATO Airborne Early Warning Force (NAEWF) : Geilenkirchen, Germany;
ACE Rapid Reaction Corps (ARRC): Rheindahlen, Germany;
Multinational Division (Central)(MND(C)): Rheindahlen, Germany;
Multinational Division (South) (MND(S)) (yet to be activated; location to be determined);
Standing Naval Force Mediterranean (STANAVFORMED);
ACE Mobile Forces, Land (AMF(L)): Heidelberg, Germany;
Mine Counter Measures Force North (MCMFORNORTH);
Mine Counter Measures Force Mediterranean (MCMFORMED).
Immediate Reaction Forces (Maritime)
The ACE Mobile Force (AMF)

The Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic (SACLANT)
Allied Command Atlantic (ACLANT)
Regional Headquarters, Eastern Atlantic (RHQ EASTLANT)
Standing Naval Force Atlantic (STANAVFORLANT)
Regional Headquarters, Western Atlantic (RHQ WESTLANT)
Regional Headquarters, Southern Atlantic (RHQ SOUTHLANT)
Striking Fleet Atlantic (STRIKFLTLANT)
Submarine Allied Command Atlantic (SUBACLANT)
SACLANT Undersea Research Centre (SACLANTCEN)
Canada - United States Regional Planning Group (CUSRPG)

NATO Enlargement and the Accession of New NATO Members
Partnership for Peace Activities and Initiatives
Wider Consultation and Cooperation

Chapter 13: Key to the Principal NATO Committees and to the Institutions of Cooperation, Partnership and Dialogue

Key to the Principal NATO Committees

1.North Atlantic Council (NAC)
2.Defence Planning Committee (DPC)
3.Nuclear Planning Group (NPG)
4.Military Committee (MC)
5.Executive Working Group (EWG)
6.High Level Task Force on Conventional Arms Control (HLTF)
7.Joint Committee on Proliferation (JCP)
8.Political-Military Steering Committee on Partnership for Peace (PMSC/PfP)
9.NATO Air Defence Committee (NADC)
10.NATO Consultation Command and Control Board (NC3B)
11.NATO Air Command and Control System (ACCS) Management Organisation (NACMO) Board of Directors
12.Political Committee at Senior Level (SPC)
13.Atlantic Policy Advisory Group (APAG)
14.Political Committee (PC)
15.Mediterranean Cooperation Group (MCG)
16.Senior Politico-Military Group on Proliferation (SGP)
17.Verification Coordinating Committee (VCC)
18.Policy Coordination Group (PCG)
19.Defence Review Committee (DRC)
20.Conference of National Armaments Directors (CNAD)
21.NATO Committee for Standardisation (NCS)
22.Infrastructure Committee
23.Senior Civil Emergency Planning Committee (SCEPC)
24.Senior NATO Logisticians' Conference (SNLC)
25.Science Committee (SCOM)
26.Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS)
27.Civil and Military Budget Committees (CBC/MBC)
28.Senior Resource Board (SRB)
29.Senior Defence Group on Proliferation (DGP)
30.High Level Group (NPG/HLG)
31.Economic Committee (EC)
32.Committee on Information and Cultural Relations (CICR)
33.Council Operations and Exercises Committee (COEC)
34.NATO Air Traffic Management Committee (NATMC)
35.Central Europe Pipeline Management Organisation Board of Directors (CEPMO/BOD)
36.NATO Pipeline Committee (NPC)
37.NATO Security Committee (NSC)
38.Special Committee
39.Archives Committee

Key to the Institutions of Cooperation, Partnership and Dialogue

Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC)
NATO-Russia Permanent Joint Council (PJC)
NATO-Ukraine Commission (NUC)
Mediterranean Cooperation Group (MCG)

Chapter 14: Key to Organisations and Agencies and Other Subordinate Bodies

Introduction
Consumer Logistics

Senior NATO Logisticians' Conference (SNLC)
NATO Maintenance and Supply Organisation (NAMSO)
NATO Maintenance and Supply Agency (NAMSA)
NATO Pipeline System (NPS)
Central Europe Pipeline System (CEPS) (The Central European Pipeline System is the largest of the NATO Pipeline systems and is used by eight host country or user nations (Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and the United States)
NATO Pipeline Committee (NPC)
The Central Europe Pipeline Management Organisation (CEPMO) (The CEPMO comprises its governing body, the Board of Directors on which each NATO member country participating in the system is represented, and the Central Europe Pipeline System (CEPS) itself. Representatives of the NATO Military Authorities as well as the General Manager of the Central Europe Pipeline Management Agency also participate in the Board.
Central Europe Pipeline Management Agency (CEPMA)
The Committee of the Chiefs of Military Medical Services in NATO (COMEDS)

Production Logistics and Equipment

Conference of National Armaments Directors (CNAD)
NATO Medium Extended Air Defence System Design and Development, Production and Logistics Management Agency (NAMEADSMA)
NATO EF 2000 and TORNADO Development Production and Logistics Management Agency (NETMA)
NATO Helicopter Design and Development Production and Logistics Management Agency (NAHEMA)
NATO Hawk Management Office (NHMO)

Standardisation

The NATO Standardisation Organisation (NSO)
NATO Committee for Standardisation (NCS)
NATO Standardisation Staff Group (NSSG)
NATO Standardisation Agency (NSA)

Civil Emergency Planning

Senior Civil Emergency Planning Committee (SCEPC)
Civil Emergency Planning Boards and Committees
Euro-Atlantic Disaster Response Coordination Centre (EADRCC)

Air Traffic Management and Air Defence

The NATO Air Traffic Management Committee (NATMC) (Formerly Committee on European Airspace Coordination - CEAC) (See Chapter 8).
The NATO Air Defence Committee (NADC) Advises the Council and the Defence Planning Committee on all aspects of air defence programme development. It meets twice per year under the chairmanship of the NATO Deputy Secretary General. (See Chapter 8).
Military Committee Air Defence Study Working Group (MC-ADSWG) The Military Committee Air Defence Study Working Group (MC-ADSWG) is a multinational body, working in support of the Military Committee. It is tasked with reviewing, advising and making recommendations on air defence issues which affect NATO's integrated air defence system.
NATO Air Command and Control System (ACCS) Management Organisation (NACMO)

Airborne Early Warning

Airborne Early Warning and Control Programme Management Organisation (NAPMO)

Communication and Information Systems

NATO C3 Organisation
NATO Consultation, Command and Control Agency (NC3A)
NATO Headquarters Consultation, Command and Control Staff (NHQC3S)
The NATO Frequency Management SubCommittee (FMSC) (NATO's specialised body in this area is the NATO Frequency Management Sub-Committee (FMSC). The NATO FMSC acts as the NATO Frequency Authority of the Alliance and is the successor body to the Allied Radio Frequency Agency, or ARFA.
Frequency Management Cooperation in NATO
NATO Headquarters Information Systems Service (ISS)
NATO CIS Operating and Support Agency (NACOSA)

Electronic Warfare

NATO Electronic Warfare Adivsory Committee (NEWAC)

Meteorology

Military Committee Meteorological Group (MCMG)

Military Oceanography

The Military Oceanography (MILOC) Group

Research and Technology

Research and Techology Organisation (RTO)

Education and Training

NATO Defense College (NDC)
The NATO (SHAPE) School
NATO Communications and Information Systems (NCISS) School
The NATO Training Group(NTG)

Project Steering Committees/Project Offices

Chapter 15: The Wider Institutional Framework for Security

The United Nations (UN)
The Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)

Institutionalisation of the OSCE
Security Dialogue, Arms Control, Disarmament and Confidence and Security Building Measures (CSBMs)
Conflict Prevention and Crisis Management
The OSCE's Security Model
Alliance Interaction with the OSCE
Areas of Practical Cooperation

The European Union (EU)

The Structure of the EU
The Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)

The Western European Union (WEU)

Implementation of the Petersberg Tasks
Operational Tasks undertaken by the WEU

The Council of Europe

Chapter 16: Parliamentary and Non-governmental Organisations

NATO Parliamentary Assembly (NATO PA)
The Atlantic Treaty Association (ATA)

Members of the Atlantic Treaty Association
Associate Members of the Atlantic Treaty Association
Observer Member of the Atlantic Treaty Association

The Interallied Confederation of Reserve Officers (CIOR)
The Interallied Confederation of Medical Reserve Officers (CIOMR)

Appendix 1. Abbreviations in Common Use
Appendix 2. Sources of Further Information
Appendix 3. Chronology see NATO Update
Illustrations (Acrobat, .pdf file), includes:

NATO's Civil and Military Structure
Principal NATO Committees
Principal Institutions of Partnership Cooperation and Dialogue
The NATO International Staff
Divisions of the International Staff
NATO's Military Structure
The Military Structure - Allied Command Europe
The Military Structure - Allied Command Atlantic
The International Military Staff

United Nations Documents

UN Charter

Introduction
Preamble
Chapter 1: Purposes and principles
Chapter 2: Membership
Chapter 3: Organs
Chapter 4: The General Assembly
Chapter 5: The Security Council
Chapter 6: Pacific settlement of disputes
Chapter 7: Action with respect to threats to the peace
Chapter 8: Regional arrangements
Chapter 9: International economic and social cooperation
Chapter 10: The Economic and Social Council
Chapter 11: Declaration regarding non-self-governing territories
Chapter 12: International trustee system
Chapter 13: The Trusteeship Council
Chapter 14: The International Court of Justice
Chapter 15: The Secretariat
Chapter 16: Miscellaneous provisions
Chapter 17: Transitional security arrangements
Chapter 18: Amendments
Chapter 19: Ratification and signature

UN History

Brief UN history
Major achievements of the UN
Milestones in UN history
Records of the landmark meetings of the UN General Assembly (Acrobat, .pdf files)

10 January 1946, 4:00pm, First General Assembly, with 51 nations represented, opens in Central Hall, Westminster, London

Agenda and Officers for the first part of the first session of the General Assembly
Verbatim Record of the First Plenary Meeting, Central Hall, Westminster, London Thursday, 10 January 1946, 4:00pm Opening and Election of the President

Verbatim Record of the Fourth Plenary Meeting, Saturday, 12 January 1946, 10:30am Election of non-permanent members of the Security Council
Verbatim Record of the Fifth Plenary Meeting, Saturday, 12 January 1946, 3:00pm Election of non-permanent members of the Security Council

Verbatim Record of the Thirty-fifth Plenary Meeting, Thursday, 24 October 1946, 11:00am Assistant Secretaries-General; General Discussion
Verbatim Record of the Thirty-sixth Plenary Meeting, Thursday, 24 October 1946, 4:00pm General Discussion
Verbatim Record of the Hundred and First Plenary Meeting, General Assembly Hall, Flushing Meadow, New York, Friday, 31 October 1947, 11:00am United Nations Day
Verbatim Record of the Hundred and Eighty-third Plenary Meeting, Palais de Chaillot, Paris, Friday, 10 December 1948, 9:00pm Adoption of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Verbatim Record of the Eight Hundred and Sixty-fourth Plenary Meeting, Tuesday, 20 September 1960, 3:00pm Admission of new Member States

Philosophy

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770-1831)

Phaenomenologie des Geists, 1807

in German with accents
in German without accents

Rede zum Schuljaresabschluss, short

in German with accents
in German without accents

Wissenschaft der Logik

part 1

in German with accents
in German without accents

part 2, in German, with accents

Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)

Critique of Pure Reason, in English
Kritik der Reinen Vernunft, first edition, 1781

in German with accents
in German, without accents

Kritik der Reinen Vernunft, second edition, 1787

in German with accents
in German without accents

Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals
The Metaphysical Element of Ethics

Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900)

Beyond Good and Evil
Ecce Homo

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Geburt der Tragoedie (The Birth of Tragedy)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Goetzen-Daemmerung

in German with accents
in German without accents

Jenseits von Gut und Boese (Beyond Good and Evil)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Menschliches, Allzumenschliches (Human, All too Human)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Thoughts Out of Season, Part One
Thus Spake Zarathustra

Economics

Hubert Henderson

Supply and Demand

John Hobson

Problems of Poverty

Clement Juglar

A Brief History of Panics

Mildred Maddox

The Consumer Viewpoint

Karl Marx (1818-1883)

Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte
The Communist Manifesto (short)

Gustavus Myers

Great Fortunes from Railroads

Joseph-Pierre Proudhon

The Evolution of Capitalism, System of Economic Contradictions or the Philosophy of Misery
What Is Property?

Walter Dill Scott

Increasing Human Efficiency in Business

Upton Sinclair

The Profits of Religion

Adam Smith

The Wealth of Nations

Frederick Taylor

Principles of Scientific Managment
Shop Management

Andrew Dickinson White

Fiat Money Inflation in France

Political Science

Anarchism and Other Essays by Emma Goldman
Considerations of a Representative Government by John Stuart Mill
Discours civique de Danton (in French) by George Jacques Danton

with accents
without accents

The English Constitution by Walter Bagehot
Leviathan by John Hobbes
Mutual Aid by Peter Kropotkin
On the Duty of Civil Disobedience by Henry Thoreau
On War by General Carl von Clausewitz (1780-1831), translated by J.J. Graham

Volume 1

Physics and Politics by Walter Bagehot
The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli
Problems in American Democracy by Thames Williamson
The Republic by Plato, translated by Benjamin Jowett
Second Treatise of Government by John Locke
Speculations from Political Economy by C.B. Clarke
The Theory of Social Revolutions by Brooke Adams, 1913
A Treatise on Government by Aristotle, translated by William Ellis
Two Treatises of Government by John Locke

Sociology

Biographies of Working Men by Grant Allen
The Crowd: a Study of the Popular Mind by Gustave le Bon
In Darkest England and the Way Out by General Booth

General William Booth Enters Heaven and Other Poems by Vachel Lindsay

Essays on Work and Culture by Hamilton Wright Mabie
The Inhumanity of Socialism by Edward Adams
The Laws of Etiquette by a Gentleman
London's Underworld by Thomas Holmes
Thomas Malthus

Effects of the Corn Laws
An Essay on the Principle of Population
Importation of Foreign Corn
An Inquiry into the Nature and Progress of Rent

Memoirs of Extraordinary Popular Delusions by Charles Mackay

Volume 1
Volume 2
Volume 3

Mutual Aid by Pyotr Kropotkin
The Psychology of Revolution by Gustave le Bon
Public Opinion by Walter Lippmann
Sociology and Modern Social Problems by Charles Ellwood
The Theory of the Leisure Class by Thorstein Veblen
White Slaves or the Oppression of the Worthy Poor by Louis Banks

Literature

Chinese Literature

Confucian classics (translated by James Legge)

Shu King -- Book of Historical Records
Shih King -- Book of Odes or Poetry
Hsiao King -- Classic of Filial Piety
Li Ki -- Book of Rites

part 1
part 2

I Ching -- Book of Changes
Analects of Confucius

Filial Respect in Confucius and Socrates -- and the divergence of Western and Chinese Philosophic Traditions, article by Richard Seltzer
Taoist classics

Tao te Ching and first part of Chuang-tzu
Second part of Chuang-tzu
The Tao Teh King or The Tao and Its Characteristics by Lao-Tse

Tao Yuanming

Peach Blossom Shangri-la (short)

German Literature

A Book of German Lyrics, edited by Friedrich Bruns
Light, Life, and Love: Selections from the German Mystics of the Middle Ages
German Romantics: Peter Schlemihl by Adelbertb Chamiso, The Story Without an End by Carode, Hymns to Night by Novalis
The Story of Siegfried by James Baldwin
The Nibelungenlied, in English

translated by George Needler
translated by David Shumway

German Stories:

volume 1:

The Fury by Paul Heyse
The Philosopher's Pendulum by Rudolph Lindau
The Bookbinder of Hort by Leopold von Sacher-Masoch
The Egyptian Fire-Eater by Rudolph Baumbach
Adventures of a New Year's Eve by Heinrich Zschokke

volume 2:

Christian Gellert's Last Christmas by Berthold Auerbach
A Ghetto Violet by Leopold Kompert
The Severed Hand by Wilhelm Hauff
Peter Shlemihl by Adelbert von Chamisso

Ludwig Anzengruber (1839-1889)

Der Gwissenswurm

in German with accents
in German without accents

Ernst Arndt (1769-1860)

Kater Martinchen

in German with accents
in German without accents

Maerchen und Sagen, in German without accents

Hugo Ball (1886-1927)

Flametti

in German with accents
in German without accents

Clemens Brentano (1778-1842)

Aus der Chronika eines fahrenden Schulers

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Geschichte vom braven Kasperl und dem Schoenen Annerl

in German with accents
in German without accents

Gockel, Hinkel und Gackeleia

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Mehreren Wehmueller und ungarischen Nationalgesichter

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Drei Nusse

in German with accents
in German without accents

Georg Buchner (1813-1837)

Dantons Tod

in German with accents
in German without accents

Woyzeck

in German with accents
in German without accents

Georg Ebers (1837-1898)

Arachne
Barbara Blomberg
The Bride of the Nile
The Burgomaster's Wife
Cleopatra
Complete Short Works
The Emperor
The Forge
Homo Sum
In the Blue Pike
Joshua
Serapis
The Sisters
The Story of My Life
A Thorny Patch
Uarda
A Word, Only a Word

Christian Gellert (1715-1769)

Fabeln und Erzaehlungen, in German without accents
Die Zaertlichen Schwestern, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749-1832)

Autobiography, in English
Briefe aus der Sweiz

in German with accents
in German without accents

Egmont, a tragedy in five acts

translated to English by Anna Swanwick
in German with accents
in German without accents

Erotica Romana, in English
Faust

Part 1, in English
Part 1, in German with accents
Part 1, in German without accents
Part 2, in German with accents
Part 2, in German without accents

Die Geschwister

in German with accents
in German without accents

Goetz von Berlichingen

in German with accents
in German without accents

Hermann and Dorothea

translated to English by Ellen Frothingham
in German with accents
in German without accents

Iphigenie auf Tauris, in German with accents
Italienische Reise

Part 1, in German with accents
Part 1, in German without accents
Part 2, in German with accents
Part 2, in German without accents

De Leiden des Jungen Werther or The Sorrows of Young Werther

translated to English by Thomas Carlyle and R.D. Boylan, Edited by Nathen Haskell Dole
Part 1, in German with accents
Part 1, in German without accents
Part 2, in German with accents
Part 2, in German without accents

Die Mitschuldigen

in German with accents
in German without accents

Novelle

in German with accents
in German without accents

Poems, translated to English by Edgar Alfred Bowring
Prometheus, play, in German without accents
Reineke Fuchs

in German with accents
in German without accents

Roemische Elegien

in German with accents
in German without accents

Unterhaltungen deutscher Ausgewanderten

in German with accents
in German without accents

Venetische Epigramme

in German with accents
in German without accents

Wahlverwandschaften

in German with accents
in German without accents

West-oestlicher Divan

in German with accents
in German without accents

Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre

volume 1, in German with accents
volume 1, in German without accents
volume 2, in German with accents
volume 2, in German without accents
volume 3, in German with accents
volume 3, in German without accents
volume 4, in German with accents
volume 4, in German without accents
volume 5, in German with accents
volume 5, in German without accents
volume 6, in German with accents
volume 6, in German without accents
volume 7, in German with accents
volume 7, in German without accents
volume 8, in German with accents
volume 8, in German without accents

Wilhelm Meisters Wanderjahre

volume 1, in German with accents
volume 1, in German without accents
volume 2, in German with accents
volume 2, in German without accents
volume 3, in German with accents
volume 3, in German without accents

Franz Grillparzer (1791-1872)

Die Anfrau, play (1817), in German without accents
Der arme Spielmann (1847)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Ein Bruderzwist in Habsburg, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Das goldene Vliess, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Juedin von Toledo, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Das Kloster bei Sendomir, story

in German with accents
in German without accents

Koenig Ottokars Glueck und Ende, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Libussa, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Sappho, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Der Traum ein Leben, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Weh dem der luegt

in German with accents
in German without accents

Wilhelm Hauff (1802-1827)

Lichtenstein

in German with accents
in German without accents

Maerchen-Almanach auf das Jahr 1826

in German with accents
in German without accents

Maerchen-Almanach auf das Jahr 1827

in German with accents
in German without accents

Maerchen-Almanach auf das Jahr 1828

in German with accents
in German without accents

Mitteilungen an den Memoires des Satan

in German with accents
in German without accents

Othello

in German with accents
in German without accents

Friedrich Hebbel (1813-1863)

Agnes Bernauer

in German with accents
in German without accents

Gyges und sein Ring

in German with accents
in German without accents

Herodes und Mariamne

in German with accents
in German without accents

Mutter und Kind

in German with accents
in German without accents

Schnock

in German with accents
in German without accents

Heinrich Heine (1797-1856)

Buch der Lieder

in German with accents

in German without accents

Poems in Flemish/Dutch

De Beurs Lact
De Franse Pers
Franse Toestanden

Romanzero

in German with accents
in German without accents

Paul Heyse (1830-1914)

Andrea Delfin

in German with accents
in German without accents

Beatrice (1867)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Einsamen (1857)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Gedichte (1865)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Der letzte Zentaur (1904)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Das Maedchen von Treppi (1855)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Ein Ring (1904)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Der Weinhueter (1862-1863)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Witwe von Pisa (1865)

in German with accents
in German without accents

E.T.A. Hoffmann (1776-1822)

The Cremona Violin (short)
Klein Zaches, in German with accents
Nachstuecke, in German

with accents
without accents

Gottfried Keller (1819-1890)

Die Leute von Sedwyla, volume 1

in German with accents
in German without accents

Heinrich von Kleist (1777-1811)

Ausgewaehlte Schriften

in German with accents
in German without accents

Das Kaethchen von Heilbronn

in German with accents
in German without accents

Penthesilea

in German with accents
in German without accents

Prinz Friedrich von Homburg

in German with accents
in German without accents

Der zerbrochene Krug

in German with accents
in German without accents

Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz (1751-1792)

Der Englander, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Der Hofmeister oder Vortheile der Privaterziehung, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Das Landprediger

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Soldaten, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Der Waldbruder

in German with accents
in German without accents

Zerbin

in German with accents
in German without accents

Gotthold Lessing (1729-1781)

Ausgewahlte Fabeln (1759)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Ausgewahlte Gedichte

in German with accents
in German without accents

Emilia Galotti, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Erziehung des Menschengechlechts

in German with accents
in German without accents

Fabeln und Erzahlungen

in German with accents
in German without accents

Der Freigeist (1749)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Gesprache fur Freimauer

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Juden, play (1749)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Der Junge Gelehrte, play (1747)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Laokoon

in German with accents
in German without accents

Lieder

in German with accents
in German without accents

Minna von Barnhelm translated to English by Ernest Bell (1767)
Miss Sara Simpson, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Nathan der Weise (Nathan the Wise), play, in German without accents
Nathan the Wise, play, translated to English by William Taylor of Norwich
Oden

in German with accents
in German without accents

Philotas, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Conrad Ferdinand Meyer (1825-1898)

Angela Borgia

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Hochzeit des Moenches

in German with accents
in German without accents

Huttens Letzte Tage (short)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Der Schuss von der Kanzel

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Versuchung des Pescara

in German with accents
in German without accents

Eduard Moerike (1804-1875)

Mozart auf der Reise nach Prag

in German with accents
in German without accents

Louise Muhlbach (1814-1873)

Andreas Hofer
Berlin and Sans Soucis or Frederick the Great and His Friends
The Daughter of an Empress
The Empress Josephine
Frederick the Great and His Family
Henry VIII and His Court
Joseph II and His Court
Louisa of Prussia
Marie Antoinette and her Son
Mohammed Ali and His House
Napoleon and Blucher
Old Fritz and the New Era

Ferdinand Raimund (1790-1836)

Der Alpenkonig und der Menschenfeind

in German with accents
in German without accents

Der Barometermacher auf der Zauberinsel

in German with accents
in German without accents

Der Diamant des Geisterkoenigs, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die gefesselte Phatasie

in German with accents
in German without accents

Das Maedchen aus der Feenwelt

in German with accents
in German without accents

Moisasurs Zaberfluch, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Unheilbringende Krone, play

in German with accents
in German without accents

Der Verschwender

in German with accents
in German without accents

Friedrich Schiller (1759-1805)

Aesthetical and Philosophical Essays
Die Braut von Messina, play

in German with accents
in German without accents
in English (Bride of Messina and the Use of the Chorus in Tragedy)

The Camp of Wallenstein (in English) translated by James Churchill
The Death of Wallenstein (in English) translated by S.T. Coleridge
Demetrius, play, in English
Don Carlos, play, in English
Einige gedichte

in German with accents
in German without accents

Fiesco (in English)
The Ghost-Seer and the Sport of Destiny
The History of the Revolt of the Netherlands
The History of the Thirty Years' War, translated to English by Rev. A. J. W. Morrison, M.A.
Die Huldigung der Kuenste, play, (1804)

in German with accents
in German without accents

Kabale und Liebe

in German with accents
in German without accents

Love and Intrigue
The Maid of Orleans, play
Mary Stuart, play, in English
Der Neffe als Onkel

in German with accents
in German without accents

Der Parasit

in German with accents
in German without accents

Philosophical Letters
The Piccolomini (in English) translated by S.T. Coleridge
Poems

Poems of the first period
Poems of the second period
Poems of the third period
Suppressed Poems

The Robbers (in English)
Turandot, Prinzessin von China

in German with accents
in German without accents

Die Verschwoerung des Fiesco zu Genua

in German with accents
in German without accents

Wallensteins Lager

in German with accents
in German without accents

Wilhelm Tell

translated by Theodore Martin
another translation

about Schiller

Life and Works of Friedrich Schiller by Calvin Thomas

August Wilhelm Schlegel (1767-1845)

Lecture on Dramatic Art and Literature

Adalbert Stifter (1805-1868)

Das Haidedorf, edited by Otto Heller

in German with accents
in German without accents

Theodore Storm (1817-1888)

Aquis Submersus (1876), in German without accents
Auf dem Staatshof, in German without accents
Auf der Universitaet Lore, in German without accents
Bullemanns Haus, in German without accents
Immensee

in German with accents
in German without accents
in English, translated by C.W. Bell

In St. Juergen (1867) in German without accents
Pole Poppenspaeler (1874)
Regentrude, in German without accents
Der Spiegel des Cyprianus, in German without accents
Viola Tricolor (1873), in German without accents
Von Kindern und Katzen, in German without accents
Waldwinkel (1874) in German without accents

Christoph Martin Wieland (1733-1813)

Geschichte des Agathon, in German

Part 1, with accents
Part 1, without accents
Part 2, with accents
Part 2, without accents

Oberon, in German with accents
Oberon, in German without accents

Hungarian Literature

Maurice Jokai

In Love with the Czarina

Polish Literature

Selected Polish Tales, translated by Else Benecke and Marie Busch
Henryk Sienkiewicz

The Lighthouse Keeper of Aspinwall (short)
Quo Vadis
So Runs the World
Without Dogma

Russian Literature

General

Best Russian Short Stories edited by Thomas Seltzer
Essays on Russian Novelists by William Lyon Phelps
Russian Lyrics translated by Martha Gilbert Dickinson Bianchi

Leonid Andreyev

The Crushed Flower and Other Stories
Savva and the Life of Man, plays
Seven Who Were Hanged

Anton Chekhov

The Bishop and Other Stories, translated by Constance Garnett
The Cherry Orchard and Other Plays
The Chorus Girl and Other Stories, translated by Constance Garnett
The Cook's Wedding and Other Stories, translated by Constance Garnett
Darling and Other Stories, translated by Constance Garnett
The Duel and Other Stories, translated by Constance Garnett
Ivanov (play)
Letters of Anton Chekhov
Note-Book of Anton Chekkov, translated by S.S. Koteliansky and Leonard Woolf
The Party and Other Stories, translated by Constance Garnett
The Schoolmistress and Other Stories
The Seagull (play)
The Swan Song (play)
Uncle Vanya (play)
The Wife and Other Stories
The Witch and Other Stories

Fyodor Dostoyevsky

Crime and Punishment
The Gambler
The Grand Inquisitor (excerpt from The Brothers Karamazon), translated by H.P. Blavatsky
The Idiot
Notes from the Underground
Poor Folk
The Possessed (in html format)

Gogol

Dead Souls
The Inspector General
St. John's Eve
Taras Bulba

Ivan Goncharov

The Precipice

Maxim Gorky

Creatures that Once Were Men
Foma Gordyeff
Mother
Through Russia
Twenty-Six and One and Other Stories, translateed by Ivan Stromnik

Alexandra Kuprin

Yama (The Pit)

Mikhail Lermontov

A Hero of Our Time

Nicholas Nekrassov

Who Can Be Happy and Free in Russia

Alexander Ostrovsky

Plays, translated by George Rapall Noyes
The Storm

Boris Pilnyak

Tales of the Wilderness

Alexander Pushkin

The Bakchesarian Fountain and Other Poems, translated by William Lewis
Boris Godunov (play)
Daughter of the Commandant, translated by Mrs. Milne Home
Marie, a Story of Russian Love
The Shot (story)

Feodor Sologub

The Created Legend, translated by John Cournos

Leo Tolstoy

Anna Karenina

Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Part 4
Part 5
Part 6
Part 7
Part 8

Father Sergius
Forged Coupon and Other Stories
The Kingdom of God is Within You
The Kreutzer Sonata
Master and Man
The Moscow Census (from "What to Do")
An Old Acquaintance (from "The Invaders")
Plays: Redempton, Power of Darness, and Fruits of Culture
Science and Art
Thoughts Evoked by the Moscow Census (from "What to Do")
War and Peace

Book 1
Book 2
Book 3
Book 4
Book 5
Book 6
Book 7
Book 8
Book 9
Book 10
Book 11
Book 12
Book 13
Book 14
Book 15

What Men Live By
Youth

Ivan Turgenev

A Desperate Character and Other Stories, translated by Constance Garnett
Diary of a Superfluous Man and Other Stories, translated by Constance Garnett
Dream Tales and Prose Poems, translated by Constance Garnett
A House of Gentlefolk
The Jew and other Stories, translated by Constance Garnett
Knock, Knock, Knock and Other Stories
Liza, translated by W.R.S. Ralston
Mumu
On the Eve
A Reckless Character and other Stories, translated by Isabel Hapgood
Rudin
Sportsman's Sketches, translated by Constance Garnett

volume 1
volume 2

The Torrents of Spring, translated by Constance Garnett
Virgin Soil

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